Hello! It’s Dr. Nana K again and today, let’s chat about something I get so many questions about —irregular periods.
It’s a common concern, so I’m here to clear up some basics and talk about the top reasons behind changes to your menstrual cycle.
Understanding Menstrual Cycle Lengths
Let’s start with cycle length. Generally, we count from the first day of one period to the first day of the next. A typical cycle is between 21 and 35 days. If yours is shorter than 21 days, it’s considered Polymenorrhea, and if longer than 35, Polygomenorrhea. Irregular cycles are often completely natural, but frequent irregularities can signal an underlying issue.
Top 10 Causes of Irregular Periods
1. Eating Disorders (Anorexia and Bulimia)
Eating disorders like anorexia and bulimia can disrupt the body’s energy balance. When there’s not enough fuel for essential functions, menstruation often takes a backseat, leading to missed or irregular periods.
2. Weight Fluctuations
Sudden weight gain or loss can affect estrogen levels, a key hormone for menstrual health. Too much fat can lead to excess estrogen, while too little fat can cause a drop, both of which can throw off your cycle.
3. Body Composition
Being too thin or carrying excess body fat can impact your cycle. Low fat levels mean there’s less fuel for hormone production, while high levels can lead to imbalances that disrupt ovulation and menstruation.
4. Stress and Emotional Strain
Stress releases hormones that can interfere with the brain’s communication with reproductive organs. This can either delay or speed up menstruation. For example, students may notice changes around exams.
5. Hormonal Imbalances
The thyroid, which regulates our metabolism, and prolactin, which supports milk production, are two key hormones that can affect menstruation.
6. Travel and Environmental Changes
Travel, especially across time zones, changes routines and stress levels, which can temporarily alter your cycle.
7. Over-exercising
Physical activity is beneficial, but excessive exercise, like intense bodybuilding, can make the body conserve energy, causing menstrual irregularities or even a complete halt in menstruation.
8. Reproductive System Conditions
Conditions like Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affect the ovaries, often delaying or skipping ovulation and, therefore, periods. It’s a common cause of irregular cycles.
9. Medications and Contraceptives
Frequent use of emergency contraceptives, like Postinor or Lydia, can lead to cycle changes. These medications are intended for emergencies, not regular use.
10. Breastfeeding
High prolactin levels after childbirth can suppress menstruation for several months, acting as a natural family planning method in some cases.
Conclusion
If you’re experiencing menstrual irregularities, it’s always worth discussing with a healthcare provider. Feel free to reach out to me with questions, and I’d be happy to help.
Thanks for reading, and take care!
I’d see you on my next chat
